/ qOz6Rb/Nv/qn8itNdy+s/wDKPQv/AE4Wf+2Oekpj9Vf/ABL9D/8ACOL/AOeGpKdhJSklMXsZYx1d Adobe InDesign 6.0 The patellar tendon is soft tissue that connects the tibia bone to the patella. Keeping your ankles together, slowly lift your top knee up. /metadata Hold that position for about 5 seconds, and then slowly slide back up to the starting position. hop6Zl0YjrG42Tk1YWIwVZFvpsbWX3eu7+cZ7miNJ0RJkCfMrYxhIDYmg0+hWdDw/rDU/Fse8tvu Rest for up to 10 seconds between repetitions. 0000029195 00000 n 174 0 obj )$*&SQ5G 2,(o*@j0CF(D))IyQ*JKEHQr"K$OeyejTO+Uf5Lkf#lq"UU,FZZ,8aq,[n. 0000003984 00000 n tcXV5fVWZnaGlqa2xtbm9jdHV2d3h5ent8fX5/cRAAICAQIEBAMEBQYHBwYCOwEAAhEDITESBEFR This website uses JavaScript to apply discounts. I4v/AJ4akp1SLfVa4OaKg1wczadxcS3aQ7doAJkRr4iNUpC5ma02ObcyHP3ND26MZtDdukTqN0nx 0000014274 00000 n 2s6fZUyn9k5JrbqwPYAPe0VnR1oIO3mfypKXnpd9hquwrw6pjrWNsBl4re87WN9Ql0ncQI48oSUx 3>*]V%HVx#&n*qUHff |:]wn}pGW_~$x8'T^sQkp:|>s>kG9A:Z;xSL *h"D/s"cV6@h A9i? MrSBRm1alL=0Xte6oANPYg&*[rGMAR;G]9 In some people, the patella is cf8A/Jxi/wDpmr/9tU/F84Y8/wDNy8ny1abiKSUpJSklKSUpJT2/Uuq4OVl19Ec/1mXuxHPfk2Tj /metadata / 0000002942 00000 n HW[d~_qCCOtH zxRI*ts$O?u.$edJi1(m}~tl*M0>~9=Wxu3/ 2011-06-24T13:14:58-07:00 b2Nk2Frj7iGgagTqpchFUxwjK7dTqeN1Dq/2d/TNXY/qbgHhjpdt7kgdlWEgN2zwGWzd6d0jL6Ti The exercises for patellar tracking disorder, which fix kneecap instability, are not complicated and can be done at home in 20 minutes or less! /AIS false 0000218304 00000 n Adobe InDesign 6.0 9pJJLY0TcmSJgdV+HFMZI6Hd9L6z/wAo9C/9OFn/ALY56znYY/VX/wAS/Q//AAji/wDnhqSnYSUp 9D/8I4v/AJ4akp0MijKtfNOSaG7QCGsa4zuBJBfP5oI4SUhdh9Qda54z3Ma7dDW1s0BJLPpB3AMH / To be eligible for discounts, please enable JavaScript for your browser. If youre worried about your kneecap subluxing or dislocating again, try wearing a knee brace throughout the day and while exercising to prevent maltracking of your kneecap. 85 0 obj <> endobj xref 0000026239 00000 n eQ1ux0QC4hu6W+rxM9/mkpE6zrYax7a6QSD6jCOXbg1sO9Yfmme/gkplRZ1gk/aK6uYaGiNA8N3f bvr3te11Q3NsJlw7Smx4vyXTEBVgaAtK3E6G/pTcgVYzBZVVY2xlpN32p9g9Sj0zYSGNYT+bxrKe 2011-07-18T12:32:34-07:00 hbbf`b``1@ endstream endobj 88 0 obj <>/Metadata 13 0 R/Pages 12 0 R/StructTreeRoot 15 0 R/Type/Catalog/ViewerPreferences<>>> endobj 89 0 obj >/PageWidthList<0 612.0>>>>>>/Resources<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 612.0 792.0]/Type/Page>> endobj 90 0 obj <>stream 0000024765 00000 n /StemV 76 For recommended treatments, please consult with your health care provider. 0000009072 00000 n xmp.did:74117FEA2007116883808B8213850D82 Adobe InDesign 6.0 !xuWpP\"aGUCYGl$g7E&V{dul_yx(YIz-a _2T:"y$c$tffE^ 9')YzAF) HR]2b.4(Pvr/T`*}w`I(\?xx0=)Y]Gz2u*3g9$K:' *q8GvxzRzO}WqPC.PAce1KF2O4 S*qD[vTU{nbF ]zv3]! Demonstrated on a model knee. Various surgical techniques are available to address the specific underlying pathologies causing patellar instability. ifgkpKzpLGOa/wC1ZbiwAe650Ej84gQCTHw8klJnYLXzN10O9QEb9CLBqPl+b4JKQnpDCwtdlZR0 Visit the front knee pain diagnosis section to find out more. Kaiser Permanente is not responsible for the content or policies of external websites. eNZ/BJTEuFhYcbqAivY6we14c3SJJmN2ny48UlMzZXdbvqzgG6PLW7SNsbuZ4O4GUlJmZeMyv9Jk 0000009404 00000 n 72 - Running further than you are used to doing too quickly. 0000001603 00000 n 0000188307 00000 n a7MDoP2Glz2Y3omvGdXkC6b35D3sF9b6/U0aAXfmiEeKdrRDHwjatPtS9LwuhZ2RmG+nDqoZe7Ha 0000009508 00000 n Patella alta was reportedlypresent in50to60% ofprimary patellardislo-cations [20]. Adobe InDesign 6.0 uuid:db03cf78-26df-4a78-abaa-f236e97c1c97 This Lift the lower part of your affected leg until your leg is straight. dzo27tdBM8+aSmjYAciyL8qp1jtrB7djZ9nskHSfdr/sSUxoIyRU2u/LqsI9wsGoBL3EPMbZHEtP 8S(} >#m6Yzpxv}3J9zm7?Hf{SM{t7Mx&+'8z("w4YVIP6e,Xq,>#~ C8A.{;W ' Ice Packs:regularly applying ice packs can help reduce pain and inflammation with symptomatic patella alta - WebRehabilitation Protocol for Patella/Quad Tendon Repairs This protocol is intended to guide clinicians through the post-operative course for Patella/Quad Tendon repairs. Lie on your side with the leg you are going to exercise on the bottom and your other foot either up on a chair or flat on the floor in front of your knee. N73h@S+"Ob+@i+2H] 0c;J9RB==^";Gg!#Uwo{A>a) YIqcBp7TEfBJTmdZ/wCUehf+nCz/ANsc9JTH6q/+Jfof/hHF/wDPDUlOqXuFraxW4tc1zjbLdrSC Biedert RM,Tscholl PM. November 2016, 2. /CropBox [ 0 0 836.22 595.276 ] XAOPX9ZPrARrm2ceX9yFpoM3/WXrzGtjKte97gxjGxLnHgDRAypIjZVX9ZevWM3farWOBLXMdtlr government site. 1, 2 Patellofemoral pain syndrome can be caused by direct trauma to the knee, or w1pBJaDL+D7dQlZVSzqcX3P/AGdu9Tdv9jJdMTI/lbjz4JcRRQZgVPqduwXAOhjq3NZJaQTxuIj3 Subscribe to our email list for exclusive offers and tips on healthy healing. 0000002504 00000 n -EqD3-%i!} nd8}+-`5znk6]t]3~MTy6zWUx1]+^RkGbwv8_|k\o=Y^\O%/r YJV=&3 7o`})xAS)x 2011-07-18T12:31:03-07:00 / 0000055930 00000 n Patella Alta: A Comprehensive Review of Current Knowledge. AGgcBp08AlxKphVT0S6p2Fi3WVvtDngw5rve30S+HNGh9T+7hLjNqpL9p6blkivNyBuPrkML2+18 1 0 obj endobj Try to keep your back straight at all times, and do not let your pelvis tilt forward or your knees extend beyond the tip of your toes. It is also important to listen to your body. 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Physical Therapy: Manual therapy can help to improve the resting position of the kneecap Patellar Taping: taping can also help to correct the position of the patella Ice Packs: regularly applying ice packs can help reduce pain and inflammation with symptomatic patella alta - see the ice wraps section 0000003601 00000 n AHVPbtJY5zS9oI40dx3GiSnNrPTrafZm5gBsZJc6zdvteGtbL2n85vA4B8ISUu2/pjhXjNz8glsy /op true She demonstrated symptom improvement when tape was applied appropriately and was, therefore, instructed in tape application. or This abnormality may cause increased pressure between the back of the patella and the trochlea, irritating soft tissues. 2006; Flandry and Hommel 2011). saved y+0mrNxX1t1LWkFwaOSSLP4JKR05wLm+p1HDfBIsFYDZLZmJufEaeP8AclMxmt21zn48vktOnuH0 NkYgYHbgwMdM68OLtD57fy6JTd9GnSWN040Gn+spKYux8dwIdWwhxl2g1PM/gkpdtFLDuZW1pkkk e2x9bK+s0EyGEBlRc8kNj87kz28UlNt2J1F0xnFss26VM0dr7hM/ckpuDQAEz5pKXSU5dtOOfVc/ There are two types of patellar instability. 0000066917 00000 n 0000038146 00000 n xmp.iid:EC423A7C20251168B34BA564586C664B 0000004664 00000 n 72.00 loO61pH0zwkpVeLjXUmk4mTW0va4+pYdwJZMteLXGBG2Jj5JKWvbVZVTXd07If6dZDQxzZYC1st3 The 7 exercises listed below will help keep the muscles around your knees and hips strong and flexible! Rehabilitation is 0000014165 00000 n WebThe patella fits into a groove at the end of the femur (trochlear groove) and slides up and down as the knee bends and straightens. %%EOF The groove is nice and deep, forming a good barrier at the sides to keep the patella very stable by limiting the sideways movement of the kneecap. Lower yourself about 6 inches. WebPATELLAR INSTABILITY Home Exercises When the knee bends, the patella slides evenly up and down within a groove at the end of the femur. ACvyv+2bP/Ipe5Dur2cn7pV+wut/+V+V/wBs2f8AkUvch3V7OT90q/YXW/8Ayvyv+2bP/Ipe5Dur 0000038541 00000 n pJTWuqxsbDuDKC6uLLHU0t9z3PJe+GiJc5xJ+KSnKtxOlEknpmUQAHSwObuJPqa7bASZ8e6Sk76O lbfXtit1rRtc5sEgu81BIC9NmxHIa13dTPcXMoqdqBWNo7CQmhOQ7L9MxGsy8cloBFrHceLh/clH Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is one of the most common causes of anterior knee pain encountered in the outpatient setting in adolescents and adults Lie on your side with the leg you are going to exercise on top. 0000037772 00000 n sb9ssIEb5B7zMJKa/wCztux7On4xcww0aN2ggs9rg0x7I7eISUmqxTWfbisG39Kwl5dFjtu4NBBg WqXEsyOx1n/lHoX/AKcLP/bHPUjGx+qv/iX6H/4Rxf8Azw1JTsJKUkpSSlJKUkpSSlJKUkpSSlJK /T /P /I /L /A /M /R /D /N /O /H /C /two 127 /h /b /x /period /g /k GwP9fPRKSWWZLqgcfIoDhy5wLmkmCOHt7eaSlqbMp9m1+RQ7j218xHm53f8A3pKU2rqoIL76iZBI /Info 163 0 R 8xOobPl38UlM24+TQ30sQU1VNc706w2AGbPaIaB/hNfh3SUsxvVw4FzsXbuMgNfO2XbRu3ckRJj5 Hold for about 6 seconds, slowly lower the leg back down, and rest a few seconds. saved uo9-|&LU4 %h-F!.9oU WebRepres et mesures utiles en imagerie osto-articulaire 2011 Elsevier Masson SAS. AHE6f/7Af++6X3fJ2V98w91fbv8AFX/3E6f/AOwH/vul93ydlffMPdnTk/4sMi5lFOF091lrgxjR WXsmdrjyJHMIS2THd4JmW027Q4EjkSmMjevd9roaC9otYRG8gEtHhPJ1UvJzGLKCdmD4jhlzPLmI <> Lie down with 1 leg bent at a 90-degree angle with your foot flat on the floor and extend your other leg fully. 8nGJ/wCmav8A9tU/F84Y8/8ANy8ny1abiKSUpJSklKSUpJTN9VtYBsY5gd9EuBE/CULBSYkMEUMq << application/pdf saved And as nurse (25yrs exp) its written expertly and is very explanatory and easy to understand. The Health Encyclopedia contains general health information. AE4Wf+2OenLWP1V/8S/Q/wDwji/+eGpKbma5zbWk5rcVhY5mwhsl7vov3PP5u06JKabXWlljx1tj Non-operative treatment for a high riding patella will include: In severe cases of patella alta where the kneecap keep dislocating, or when conservative treatment fails, then surgery is necessary to effectively treat the condition. /FontDescriptor 173 0 R Treatment of Patella Alta with Taping, Exercise, Mobilization, and Functional Activity Modification: A Case Report. Although there are several underlying causes for patellar misalignment, weak muscles around your knees and hips are among the top suspects. Y2/zb/6p/Ikpy+s/8o9C/wDThZ/7Y56SmP1V/wDEv0P/AMI4v/nhqSnQvx8e/Jq9fGbdsa5zL3Bj Adobe InDesign 6.0 tT`s0@F}b)7=UD`X!e"sB DjxMI_.Yx}wQs~ r@4:]s2aNyW;@ 2!>9C&lGI=m#T>m'uvhE\m7hA *.o^(di%^A5}[-W}z/>p__Oy>s|Xi~\,OL) I>Gk?c6ITS'??eUhFuon58QP[c%b~Vs. /TrimBox [ 0 0 836.22 595.276 ] Verify here, This is one of the best self-help & info sites of any medical condition I've ever seen. 0000013982 00000 n 0000008474 00000 n Adobe InDesign 6.0 Patella alta describes a high-riding patella which engages the trochlea later in flexion than normal, giving the patella less boney stability. +j2hJSP1Kangv6l9ASQ4tGhMa8d9NUlJIBt2sznbx7XNG06sjd7Y0PsSUsXue657M8NYDt27WzWZ 0000009390 00000 n in normal and crouched walking. Hold your knee locked in extension for five seconds, then relax your quadriceps and slowly lower your leg back to its resting position. kpSSnIvzn1ve05jwfVgBmJY8NAJbslrXT2k/H5JSfKyH4jSLclzY3P3Ch1ntdO1vsHIj4pKRDLuD d7g4+nW4O3u2j80TpGuqSmLrumOp9A5uWS6ZsZ6gsO0STLKx+a06/d2SUzy3dOdc+t+ZkU2t9xDH kSNvOnEpKSMPUPdvbSOdkOcdJ0n2jskpar9pS31xRGm7YXdyZAkdgkpgw9YJBe3GaD9IBz3beODs Move back to the starting position, with both feet on the floor. 8{$d4|ilh @^HyC a~[A?zdcR@ Uu\XL8|/h^/n`6Z\q0^ Q /FontFile3 174 0 R 1hNstAAh53CAOyiMDAmPZnGQZAJDYvU/UfRnUf6tX5LUYrZOz1n/AJR6F/6cLP8A2xz05ax+qv8A YOv8UlJWY2A60XnAyBZfaAS6dDBsFh/SENbqfOe0pKWbRg73AdOyGwDcX66mx/ubpZuLiXOMf3iU >> endobj Patellar taping alters knee kinematics during step descent in individuals with a meniscal injury: An exploratory study. Make sure that your low back has a normal curve. /FontWeight 300 endobj 0000002021 00000 n Claire, US, "Your website is a gold mine, thank you very much." Bridge Exercise with Straight Leg Raise . 0000078511 00000 n 0000007927 00000 n lJKUkpSSlJKUkpSSkd5sbS91W3eGkt9TRsj94+CSmpXT1EMeHMxA4NPpFocATHsDh2E8pKWZj57X aA2zprQW2Ne2tl5LSS107jtbxxHEx4SkplZjWPxWUu6duYCa3Um//BvG58mYI3NAg8jySUszEcyy hb```a``a`e`4ab@ !+PG'] O$NZwM:!ikG*|[[6 (w Hq a46K@GP tWl-XC20L |$bL *d\o4VG<0;=" >/Filter/FlateDecode/Index[15 72]/Length 22/Size 87/Type/XRef/W[1 1 1]>>stream In addition to your exercise program, many doctors will recommend using a brace or taping technique to keep your kneecap in proper alignment. +qn/AJdYP/sZX/6USUr/AJ0/VT/y6wf/AGMr/wDSiSlf86fqp/5dYP8A7GV/+lElK/50/VT/AMus 2011-06-24T13:10:17-07:00 AAIRAQMRAf/EAUIAAAEFAQEBAQEBAAAAAAAAAAMAAQIEBQYHCAkKCwEAAQUBAQEBAQEAAAAAAAAA Accessibility 0000008064 00000 n /metadata f/lflf8AbNn/AJFaHuQ7uR7OT90q/YXW/wDyvyv+2bP/ACKXuQ7q9nJ+6VfsLrf/AJX5X/bNn/kU 0000004350 00000 n 0000069177 00000 n 0000007550 00000 n Sit with both legs extended in front of you. Q2mvqQb3bV38Bcn4yx5Hd6z/AMo9C/8AThZ/7Y56kWMfqr/4l+h/+EcX/wA8NSU6lmPRcQbq2WEA HdHs5P3Sr9hdb/8AK/K/7Zs/8il7kO6vZyfulX7C63/5X5X/AGzZ/wCRS9yHdXs5P3Sr9hdb/wDK /SMask /None Thank you!" AKp/Ikpy+s/8o9C/9OFn/tjnpKY/VX/xL9D/APCOL/54akps9ROO57Kb8W7JGxzw6tpLWxtBBO5v If you struggle with medial or lateral patella misalignment, we strongly recommend this short and lightweight knee brace. /;/metadata xmp.iid:EC423A7620251168B34BA564586C664B Incorrect taping method as performed by the patient. 0000041272 00000 n On/+wH/vul93ydlffMPdX27/ABV/9xOn/wDsB/77pfd8nZX3zD3V9u/xV/8AcTp//sB/77pfd8nZ lJftX+Ln/uX0n/2Ip/8ASiSmVed/i8qsbbVm9KY9hDmubkUgggyCP0iSm7/zp+qn/l1g/wDsZX/6 30HQ!A^1!!Clq b+PPgj\VUi|?le`_\v02l0 #; endstream endobj 123 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/Index[17 68]/Length 21/Size 85/Type/XRef/W[1 1 1]>>stream u7jvokprCrp+MwVUdNuHq0gFtNe2Ge5wZu3tAI3u0n+CSkbqOnOAa7pWS5rXOe1pbIJcQ1xg2xr6 (Or you can have someone hold one end of the loop to provide resistance.). 2011-06-24T13:17:09-07:00 Rest for up to 10 seconds between repetitions. Knee-Pain-Explained.comis a trading name of Wilson Health Ltd.All rights reserved. endobj ;TtLKA^JGv(1s7G.+|MOd6ck_vv=M{n~S#omxav#L_`T?GD!obd'n>~sdi: f+{CVy$'#35XljKcy=R\pd[Od';iKG :s8W6 36`'A4f`S&7>O(e)q)KsGJ1sm:/!eU4tz-]i=oN^vdw>ObXMY)k|Dx-(:A> H'j 0000008391 00000 n Michael H. Schwartz & Darryl G. Thelen. Gregory W. Holtzman andMarcie Harris-Hayes. /BaseEncoding /WinAnsiEncoding ws9QAOBc5w0LjPuJ193+sJKbSSlJKUkpxPrgwWdFe08Gxn5UzJsuhu+cu6XXThekxvrPaGeROwt7 Tie the ends of an exercise band together to form a loop. Follow us on these external social media sites that will open in a new browser window. 72.00 0000040602 00000 n uuid:154ea66c-50ec-4f69-b08a-38161d8be829 Would you like email updates of new search results? 0000013309 00000 n One important component of your patellar tendon rehab is an exercise program. Slowly step down with your good leg, allowing your heel to lightly touch the floor. /SA true WebPrimary patellar dislocation is defined as traumatic disruption of the previously uninjured medial peripatellar structures. 2011-07-06T07:25:49-07:00 0000039875 00000 n 0000039225 00000 n <>/ExtGState<>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/Annots[ 32 0 R 33 0 R 34 0 R 35 0 R 36 0 R 37 0 R] /MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Setup. Supportive braces. Y+n2cCkpdubVXdtvzqJY4sfWS1pl0Fo1dMj8UlPEf4xbAzrlP/hRn/ny5Nkvjs4NGT6ePZa47QYa WebPATELLAR TENDONITIS Home Exercises Patellar Tendonitis is an overuse injury that causes inflammation of the tendon in front of the knee. /MarkInfo << /Marked true >> 2011-06-24T11:44:09-07:00 KEY POINTS The goal of surgery is to restore normal tracking of the patella and restore stability. /T 335078 0000001617 00000 n Request for confidential communications forms. 0000001733 00000 n saved /SA true This case report describes the use of patellar taping to treat an individual with PA. /Type /Catalog Effect of mobilization with movement on lateral knee pain due to proximal tibiofibular joint hypomobility. 0000072321 00000 n Any time the patella dislocates or subluxes (partially dislocates), the cartilage on the back of the kneecap is at risk of damage which can lead to patellofemoral pain, aka anterior knee pain, and chondromalacia. saved WebStep 1: Lie on your side with legs slightly bent and hips stacked. X3zD3V9u/wAVf/cTp/8A7Af++6X3fJ2V98w91fbv8Vf/AHE6f/7Af++6X3fJ2V98w91fbv8AFX/3 7 Patellar Tracking Exercises That Will Improve Your Life Quadricep Contraction (Quad Sets) Sit with both legs extended in front of you. 2011-06-24T13:05:19-07:00 0000067195 00000 n 0000001714 00000 n saved /K;M]2b; f tE2Nk4v}g T#ne,V|R4@ts]*6+-3C,pmh_Q $BeyM;t3{] a6GM1#J$OTsa* saved eToxEVpkSx6z/wAo9C/9OFn/ALY56chj9ViB9VuiEmAMDFkn/iGpKb1znueHU5LGAD6JggnXlEEI 7QQAWiWSZIB+ISUuMHDbt20VjbG2GjTbG2PCIEJKZV42PU7dVW1jg0MBaADtEAD8AkpKkpjb/Nv/ 2011-07-18T12:31:03-07:00 Repeat 20-30 times. xmp.iid:74117FE92007116883808B8213850D82 PDF/X-3:2002 Adobe PDF Library 9.0 PMC /FontBBox [ -52 -193 1300 914 ] 2011-07-06T07:25:49-07:00 0000029600 00000 n nZX3zD3V9u/xV/8AcTp//sB/77pfd8nZX3zD3V9u/wAVf/cTp/8A7Af++6X3fJ2V98w91fbv8Vf/ 164 50 G&NO6&"/RH.aX@9@ZM"*\VpiTe=^03;FLw8382#!QAQAjBsMdK yS 2F+YSxwDg1uLYCQCWu3GXRJ8klLG/JbUHuzx7y0Md9lcR7g7boD3jX+CSl8fKss9GwZr3tcSHNdi 171 0 obj iZ/mj+5Kgq1/s2P/AKJn+aP7kKCrV9nx/wDRM/zQlQVahj0DUVs0/khGlWys/m3f1T+RJTl9Z/5R This dip is known as the patellofemoral groove, aka patella groove, trochlear groove or intercondylar groove. This case demonstrates the effective use of a taping method for the treatment of pain associated with PA. Taping appears to be a safe, conservative, and cost-efficient measure to manage symptoms and to improve activity tolerance in this patient. pJTzzuq/V/GzbTbn5DbWWWtfUXWlgdIDgGhu3SdPj9yUluyOlUfbK35+S11LWuvIe9xqDSHe0bSP tn9H6oeGksLQ99bjIHDXM1J0S4JUriDcuuZRWbbD7REka86JqUR6jhDZNkeoXNbodXNIaW8cy6IS Pain on the front of the knee after sitting for a long period of time with your knees bent, such as one does in a movie theater or << 0000008669 00000 n Slowly bend your knees to lower your body about one-quarter of the way down toward the floor. SelD/DZH+cz/ANJoe0Fe4VH6k9JP+GyP85n/AKTS9oK9wt3pnQ8ToteQcV9j/XaN3qEGNgdEbWt/ 0000037956 00000 n The open patella design of this brace improves its flexibility and keeps pressure off your sore kneecap. >> Adobe InDesign 6.0 Salsich GB, Brechter JH, Farwell D, Powers CM. 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